Rheumatology
Rheumatology is a specialised branch of medicine that deals with diagnosing and treating diseases causing inflammation and pain in different parts of the body, such as joints, bones, muscles, blood vessels, and organs.
Overview
Developing rheumatic diseases is influenced by factors like genetics, family history, age, gender, smoking, and environmental triggers. While you can't always prevent them, adopting a healthy lifestyle, avoiding smoking, and managing other health conditions can reduce the risks.
Diagnosing rheumatic diseases involves a thorough assessment, including medical history, physical examinations, blood tests to check inflammation markers and autoantibodies, imaging like X-rays and MRI scans as well as joint fluid analysis. Sometimes tissue biopsy is needed.
Rheumatic diseases although has specific organ preference, they can affect other organs and systems in our body including kidney, nerve and brain, muscle, lung and heart since inflammatory process is often systemic. Collaborating with specialists of other discipline(s) may be necessary if other organs are involved to assess severity of disease.
Conditions
Example: “Hypertensions” or “Shortness of breath”
Rheumatoid arthritis
Inflammatory joint condition with present of autoantibody named Rheumatoid Factor (RF) or Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP).
Reactive arthritis
Joint disease related to infection or after infection
Scleroderma / Systemic sclerosis
Patient complaint of fingers or/and skin swelling and thickening and Raynaud’s phenomena (Bluish discoloration of fingers, toes).
Vasculitides
Are rare diseases cause inflammation of blood vessels of different size (small, medium and large). Symptoms depends on vessels involved example: headache, visual loss, limb claudication, skin ulcer, abdominal pain.
Osteoporosis
It is a metabolic bone disease from decreased bone mass and changes in bone structure, thereby increasing the risk of a bone fracture (hip and vertebrae).
Procedures
Example: “Stenting” or “ECG”
Soft tissue injection
These injections are often used to treat problems such as inflamed tendons (tendinitis) and bursas (bursitis)
Lumbar epidural
Fluoroscopically guided lumbar epidural injections are commonly used to treat low back and leg pain.
Joint injection
A joint injection is a procedure to treat inflammatory joint conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
Musculoskeletal ultrasound
Musculoskeletal ultrasound uses sound waves to create images of muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, and joints in the body.
Arthrocentesis
Arthrocentesis collects synovial fluid from joints to diagnose diseases or relieve symptoms.
Clinical services
Dietetics
Invasive Cath Lab
Radiology
Rehabilitation
Intensive Care Unit
Laboratory
Specialist doctors
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